33 results
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Extravascular Causes ... anemia): ... usually IgG) (e.g. lupus ... differential #diagnosis #hematology ... #anemia
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
AIHA • Anemia ... type ± C3d • Blood ... 2) LOOK FOR a cause ... #management #treatment ... #rheumatology
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Red Blood Cell ( ... Macrocytic RBC: Vitamin B12 ... , McLeod blood group ... Microangiopathic Hemolytic ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia ... : • Systemic lupus ... Antibody-mediated hemolysis ... consumption • Vitamin B12 ... Differential #Diagnosis #Hematology
Causes of Anemia by Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (<80
Causes of Anemia ... • Bleeding • Hemolysis ... (>100 fL) • B12 ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Hematology
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Treatment
Warm AIHA:
1) Steroids - 1-2 mg/kg prednisone daily
   • Until
Anemia (AIHA) Treatment ... esp if severe disease ... #Anemia #AIHA # ... Treatment #management ... #hematology
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Causes of Anemia ... Algorithm Normal Blood ... • Pancreatic Disease ... • Liver Disease ... #Hematology
Reticulocyte Production Index = (Retic %) x (Hct / 45) / Maturation Factor
The maturation factor is
loss), Vitamin B12 ... Chronic kidney disease ... Retroperitoneal, Uterine • Hemolysis ... Microangiopathic hemolytic ... Production #Index #hematology
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
→ Refer to hematology ... : Acute blood loss ... , Acute hemolysis ... , deficiency anemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hematology
Causes of Anemia in Cirrhosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
LOW RETIC INDEX - ↓ PRODUCTION
 • Vitamin
Causes of Anemia ... PRODUCTION • Vitamin B12 ... RETIC INDEX: • Blood ... anemia, Hemolysis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Hepatology