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diagnosis differential management neurology rheumatology causes oncology algorithm symptoms deficiency lupus clinical dermatology erythematosus nutrition physicalexam sle systemic classification disorders
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Congenital Diseases: • GATA2 deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia • Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome • Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy Cancer: • Leukemia • Lymphoma Inflammatory
deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia ... Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome ... telomeropathy Cancer ... consumption • Vitamin B12 ... Differential #Diagnosis #Hematology
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States Fat-soluble Vitamins: • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
• Thiamine B1 ... Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome ... • Riboflavin B2 ... gestation • Vitamin B12 ... differential #diagnosis #signs
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Normal Blood Smear •
- Low Serum B12 ... - Low Serum B12 ... Myelodysplastic Syndromes ... • Rule out B12 ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in Patients with Cancer Cancer Related • Hypercalcemia • Intravenous contrast •
Patients with Cancer ... Cancer Related ... change disease • Hematologic ... malignancies Treatment ... Classification #Nephrology
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
→ Refer to hematology ... hemolysis, deficiency anemia ... Rebound effect from treatment ... Malignancy: Metastatic cancer ... Kawasaki, Nephrotic syndrome
Aplastic Anemia - Illness Script Signs and symptoms: • Recurrent infections from neutropenia • Mucosal bleeding from
Aplastic Anemia ... Illness Script Signs ... Treatment: • Consider ... diagnosis #management #treatment ... #hematology
Differential diagnosis of schistocytes / fragmentation hemolysis: • Thrombotic microangiopathies (TMA) - TTP
hemolytic-uremic syndrome ... crisis • Severe B12 ... macroangiopathic hemolytic anemia ... " • HELLP syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Diagnostic Framework for Anemia (Morphological Approach - MCV) Low MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic" • Iron deficiency
Framework for Anemia ... thalassemia • Anemia ... Megaloblastic: Vitamin B12 ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... diagnosis #causes #hematology
Reticulocyte Production Index = (Retic %) x (Hct / 45) / Maturation Factor The maturation factor is
particular degree of anemia ... Index < 2: • Anemia ... loss), Vitamin B12 ... infiltration (e.g. cancer ... Production #Index #hematology
Causes of Thrombocytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Decreased Megakaryopoiesis • Aplastic Anemia • Toxic Damage (e.g.
Megakaryopoiesis • Aplastic Anemia ... Megakaryopoiesis • B12 ... Non-lmmune: • HELLP Syndrome ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
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