462 results
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis
Renal:
 - Glomerular - IgA Nephropathy, Thin basement membrane, Alport syndrome,
Differential Diagnosis Renal ... membrane, Alport syndrome ... or other tumor, Calculi ... - Malignancy, Calculi ... Schistomiasis, Malignancy, Calculi
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
Algorithm and Differential ... Painful: suggests calculi ... suggest intrinsic renal ... #Differential #Algorithm
Imaging Modalities for Renal Calculus

AXR. KUB
 - Good far calcium-containing stones useful when limited radiation dose
Modalities for Renal ... Calculus AXR ... for ureteric and renal ... for ureteric and renal ... #Renal #Kidney
Types of Renal Calculi

Calcium oxalate
 - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
Types of Renal Calculi ... Hypercalcemia, Renal ... heart failure #Calculi ... #Types #Renal # ... diagnosis #causes #calculus
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... , Gitelman syndrom ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury ( AKI ) - Prerenal, Renal, and Postrenal

PRE-RENAL 
Impaired perfusion: 
•
) - Prerenal, Renal ... Postrenal PRE-RENAL ... Vascular occlusion RENAL ... Infection POST-RENAL ... Urinary calculi
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
inhibitors, hepatorenal syndrome ... thromboembolism, renal ... OBSTRUCTIVE • Urinary calculi ... tumors INTRINSINC RENAL
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... oral intake Renal ... Nonreabsorbable anions • Renal ... • Gitelman's syndrome ... • Bartter's syndrome
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... UNa > 20: • Renal ... Bicarbonaturia with renal ... Acute or chronic renal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Tea and Toast Syndrome ... • Renal Failure ... Hypovolemic - GI losses, renal ... failure, nephrotic syndrome