129 results
Scurvy (Vitamin C Deficiency) - Diagnosis and Management

Vitamin C is required for hydroxylation of proline residues
Scurvy (Vitamin C Deficiency ... Loss of teeth Anemia ... contribute to nonimmune hemolysis ... , or any other cause ... vasculitis Treatment
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hereditary:
 • Peripheral blood smear + DAT + further History
 •
Hemolytic Anemia ... DAT (-) → G6PD Deficiency ... → Sickle Cell anemia ... anemia (TTP, HUS ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Hemolysis - Diagnostic Algorithm and Causes

Increased red cell production: 
 • Increased Reticulocytosis/polychromasia 
 • Erythroid
Hemolysis - Diagnostic ... Algorithm and Causes ... breakdown • Anaemia ... #Hemolytic #Anemia ... #Differential #Causes
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Extravascular Causes ... anemia): ... G6PD deficiency) ... Extravascular #Causes ... diagnosis #hematology #anemia
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Causes of Extravascular ... Defects • G6PD deficiency ... • PK deficiency ... anemia • ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Anemia with Normal Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased WBCs
 - Decreased/NormaI
Causes of Anemia ... Bleed • Hemolysis ... Microangiopathic Hemolytic ... • Early Iron Deficiency ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Anemia 1) DIAGNOSE ... AIHA • Anemia ... 2) LOOK FOR a cause ... #management #treatment
Warm vs Cold Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia:
 • Mechanism: IgG and Complement-mediated
 • Etiology:
Anemia Warm Autoimmune ... Hemolytic Anemia ... Spherocytes • Treatment ... Anemia: • Mechanism ... • Treatment: Warm
Differential diagnosis of schistocytes / fragmentation hemolysis:
 • Thrombotic microangiopathies (TMA)
    - TTP
fragmentation hemolysis ... toxin-mediated hemolytic-uremic ... • Severe B12 deficiency ... • Mechanical hemolysis ... anemia" • HELLP
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency ... Thalassemia, Iron deficiency ... Microangiopathic Hemolytic ... spherocytosis, Autoimmune hemolytic ... Cold autoimmune hemolytic