30 results
Diuretics sites of action on the nephron
1) Acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor)
2) Osmotic diuretics (e.g. mannitol)
3) Loop
Diuretics sites ... mannitol) 3) Loop diuretic ... Thiazides-type diuretics ... #pharmacology #nephrology ... #medications #sites
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
• Osmotic diuresis ... • Central diabetes ... • Nephrogenic diabetes ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology ... #sodium #high
Summary of Diuretic Agents 
Subclass, Drug, Mechanism of Action, Effects, Clinical Applications, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicities, Interaction
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE
Summary of Diuretic ... empagliflozin LOOP DIURETICS ... Tolvaptan #Diuretics ... #Medications #Pharmacology ... summary #table #nephrology
Diuresis in Critical Care - Achieving a Negative Fluid Balance
Advantages Of A Negative Fluid Balance:
 •
TO PO • USE HIGH ... CONCENTRATION MEDICATIONS ... , address diuretic ... especially in high ... Early nephrologv
Immunosuppressive Medications in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
 - MTX (oral, subcutaneous)
 - AZA (oral) 
 -
Immunosuppressive Medications ... in Systemic Lupus ... Erythematosus (SLE ... biweekly x 4 times; high-dose ... #Systemic #Lupus
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Altitude sickness • Diuretic ... ; High-Ceiling Diuretics ... Lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology ... #Medications #Table
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Sodium >145 mmol/L High ... administration • Osmotic diuresis ... (see Polyuria scheme ... 300 mmol/kg • Diabetes ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Manifestations of Systemic Lupus ... Erythematosus (SLE ... Induction Rx: high-dose ... Erythematosus #SLE ... #CNS #neurology
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria = >3L Urine output / 24 hours
Urine osmolality = 2 (Na
glucose mg/dL]/18 HIGH ... mosm/kg • Solute Diuresis ... Hyperglycemia, High ... 100 mosm/kg • Diabetes ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Thyrotoxicosis Medications ... • Discontinued diuretic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology