19 results
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Treatment
Warm AIHA:
1) Steroids - 1-2 mg/kg prednisone daily
   • Until
Anemia (AIHA) Treatment ... esp if severe disease ... Polyclonal: - Infection ... #Anemia #AIHA # ... #hematology
Reticulocyte Production Index = (Retic %) x (Hct / 45) / Maturation Factor
The maturation factor is
Chronic kidney disease ... (e.g. cancer, infection ... Microangiopathic hemolytic ... G6PD deficiency), Infections ... Production #Index #hematology
Causes of Anemia by Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (<80
Causes of Anemia ... • Bleeding • Hemolysis ... Inflammation, Chronic Infection ... #MCV #Classification ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
Congenital Diseases ... deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia ... Cancer: • Leukemia ... Antibody-mediated hemolysis ... deficiency Infections
Differential Diagnosis for Hemolytic Anemia
Intrinsic Causes:
 • Enzyme deficiencies ex. G6PD, pyruvate kinase 
 • Hemoglobinopathies
Anemia Intrinsic ... Causes: • Liver disease ... drug induced • Infections ... Diagnosis #causes #classification ... #hematology
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
anemia • Cold ... Immunoglobulin M (IgM) • Blood ... sensitize red blood ... #hemolytic #anemia ... #hematology #diagnosis
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
hematologic: Acute blood ... loss, Acute hemolysis ... , deficiency anemia ... Rebound effect from treatment ... Vasculitides, IBD, Celiac disease
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Spurious:
 • Artifact (redo CBC)
Autonomous:
 • Essential thrombocytosis
 • Polycythemia
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia ... Myelofibrosis Infectious ... disorders • Celiac disease ... effect following treatment ... Iron deficiency anemia
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Hemolysis - Differential ... , Drugs, Liver Disease ... Internal (RBC) - Infections ... Defects: Sickle cell anemia ... - Peripheral Blood
Elevated Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

LDH is a cytoplasmic enzyme present in tissues throughout
, sickle cell disease ... deficiency of red blood ... anemia, PNH, immune ... • Toxins • Infection ... Lymphomas • Leukemias