2319 results
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
• Direct renin inhibitor ... Renin release inhibition ... of aldosterone inhibition ... #hyperkalemia #differential
Thiazide induced Hyponatremia - Pathophysiology
 • Reduced distal delivery
 • Inhibition of the NCC (dilution capcity)-
distal delivery • Inhibition ... Pathophysiology #diagnosis #differential
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
HyperKalemia - Differential ... Hypovolemia • RAAS inhibitor ... • Calcineurin inhibitor ... #HyperKalemia #Differential
Breast Discharge - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High Prolactin + Normal TSH
 • Microprolactinoma
 • Steroid Hormone Intake
Breast Discharge - Differential ... Macroadenoma • Dopamine Inhibition ... Breast #Discharge #Differential
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis
Chloride depletion syndromes
 • Gastrointestinal losses
    -
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... dehydrogenase type 2 inhibition ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Differential
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
renal disease Inhibition ... Diagnosis #DM2 #Differential
Causes of Iron Deficiency - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Blood loss: GI (cancer, ulcer, IBD), GU
Iron Deficiency - Differential ... • Competitive inhibition ... Iron #Deficiency #Differential
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Hypophosphatemia - Differential ... Hyperparathyroidism, TKI, ALK inhibitor ... Hypophosphatemia #Differential
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Metabolic Acidosis - Differential ... Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor ... NonGap #Nephrology #Differential
Causes of Angioedema: Differential Diagnosis Framework
Mast-cell mediated:
 • IgE dependent allergic reactions: Food, Drugs, Latex, Stings
of Angioedema: Differential ... Hereditary C1 esterase inhibitor ... Acquired C1 esterase inhibitor ... #Angioedema #Differential