71 results
Hemolytic Anemias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Signs of anemia and hemolysis:
 • ↓ Haptoglobin
 • ↑ LDH
Hemolytic Anemias ... of anemia and hemolysis ... Immune-mediated Hemolysis ... • Extrinsic RBC ... • Intrinsic RBC
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Red Blood Cell ( ... RBC) Morphology ... Microcytic RBC: ... disease, McLeod blood ... Bite Cell RBC: G6PD
Causes of Anemia with Normal Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased WBCs
 - Decreased/NormaI
Bleed • Hemolysis ... Polychromatic Macrocytes, RBC ... Spherocytes, RBC ... Microangiopathic Hemolytic ... ) - Abnormal RBCs
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic ... reticulocytes • Hemolysis ... ↑ LDH • Anti-RBC ... type ± C3d • Blood ... Antibody #Autoimmune #Hemolytic
Pathophysiology of Hemolytic Anemia
 - Defects in RBC internal contents (thalassemia, hemoglobinopathies, and metabolic defects)
 -
Pathophysiology of Hemolytic ... - Defects in RBC ... - Defects in RBC ... Pathophysiology #Hemolytic
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
== Decreased RBC ... Glucose Content • RBC ... Reduction == Increase RBC ... loss • Hemolytic ... Dilutional Effect • RBC
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Hemolysis - Differential ... 2) External (RBC ... 3) Internal (RBC ... - Peripheral Blood ... Urobilinogen #Hemolysis
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia:
 • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample!
 • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
Alwavs Repeat Blood ... while drawing blood ... ischemia-induced RBC ... hemolysis) • ... RBC Hemolysis in
Overall Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Blood Loss
 • Acute Bleed - Normocytic / Normochromic
Diagnosis Algorithm Blood ... Decreased RBC ... Infiltration Increased RBC ... Thalassemia • RBC ... Disorder • RBC
The differential diagnosis for an elevated MCHC (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration) includes:

Conditions with Abnormal RBCs:
 •
with Abnormal RBCs ... : • Abnormal RBC ... Xerocytosis • RBC ... Hyperlipidemia • Hemolysis