58 results
Causes of Splenomegaly - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Infectious
 • Bacterial
 • Viral (EBV)
 • Parasitic
 • Fungal
Congestive
Causes of Splenomegaly ... Inflammatory • Systemic ... Lupus Erythematosus ... Serum Sickness Hemolytic ... #Hematology
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
Congenital Diseases ... : • Systemic lupus ... Antibody-mediated hemolysis ... consumption • Vitamin B12 ... Differential #Diagnosis #Hematology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Extravascular Causes ... usually IgG) (e.g. lupus ... cold agglutin disease ... Extravascular #Causes ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
 • Epidemiology: 10-180/100,000, Typically Age 20-40, F:M
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ... • Immunologic Workup ... life-threatening • Treatment ... Evolution: Chronic disease ... #Summary #rheumatology
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic ... 2) LOOK FOR a cause ... → Systematic screening ... Anemia #diagnosis #management ... #treatment #rheumatology
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Treatment
Warm AIHA:
1) Steroids - 1-2 mg/kg prednisone daily
   • Until
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Anemia (AIHA) Treatment ... esp if severe disease ... #Anemia #AIHA #Treatment ... #management #hematology
Causes of Anemia by Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (<80
Causes of Anemia ... • Bleeding • Hemolysis ... (>100 fL) • B12 ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Hematology
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - Diagnosis
Manifestations:
 - Arthritis 69%
 - Malar rash 40%
 - Fever 36%
 -
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ... - Neurological 12% ... Lymphadenopathies 7% - Hemolytic ... sclerosis, Still's disease ... #differential #rheumatology
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Manifestations of Systemic ... Cerebrovascular Disease ... autoantibodies that will cause ... cerebritis #diagnosis #management ... #treatment
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - Summary
Antinuclear (ANA) - 95% - Initial screening test
Anti-dsDNA - 50%
 • Associated
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ... Treatment: • ... #Lupus #Erythematosus ... Summary #diagnosis #rheumatology ... #management