318 results
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Hypercalcemia - ... Hyperparathyroidism • Hypercalcemia ... Hypocalciuria Hypercalcemia ... Other Familial Hypercalcemias ... Diuretics • Lithium
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Workup of Hypercalcemia ... Parathyroid carcinoma, Lithium ... Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia ... calcitriol induced hypercalcemia ... @aishaikh #Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - ... Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia ... Reabsorption: Thiazides/Lithium ... #Hypercalcemia
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... Lithium-associated ... Jansen disease #Hypercalcemia
Lithium Induced Kidney Diseases:
Electrolyte Disorders:
 • Nephrogenic DI
 • Incomplete distal RTA
 • Hypercalcemia
Tubular/interstitial disorders:
Lithium Induced ... distal RTA • Hypercalcemia ... @kdjhaveri #Lithium
AEIOU - Mnemonic of Acute Indications for Dialysis 
A - Acidosis - pH < 7.1
E -
Electrolytes - Refractory Hyperkalemia ... , Salicylates, Lithium
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... function-related • Lithium ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... Milk-alkali syndrome #Hypercalcemia
Indications for Emergent Hemodialysis

Indications: "AEIOU" 
 A - Acidosis ( pH < 7.1 ) 
 E
- refractory hyperkalemia ... Barbiturates L - Lithium
Bradycardia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

BRADI Mnemonic
 • BRASH/Hyperkalemia
 • Reduced oxygen/Glucose/Temp
 • ACS
 • Drugs
 •
Mnemonic • BRASH/Hyperkalemia ... BRASH Syndrome - Hyperkalemia ... • Shock • Hyperkalemia ... Electrolytes: • hyperkalemia ... Amitryptyline • Lithium
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Medications (e.g. lithium ... cisplatin) - Chronic hypercalcemia